Correctly balancing your rc airplanes is so important for safe flying, because any deviation from the model's Center of Gravity (CG) can and probably will result in the model being quite uncontrollable.
Every rc airplane has a correct CG, this is the point where the model balances fore-aft correctly. If you've built from a plan, then the CG should be marked on the plan. If you've bought an ARF or RTF plane, then the manufacturer's instruction manual should tell you where the CG lies for that particular model.
A badly balanced rc airplane will, at best, be hard to control, and this is especially true for tail-heavy planes. At worst, the plane will crash within seconds of getting airborne!
A way of balancing RC airplanes High wing trainers are the easiest airplanes to balance, and if it's your first plane then this is likely to be the case.
Obviously the first thing you need to do is identify the correct Center of Gravity, according to the plan or manual. As a general rule of thumb, the CG will be about one-third of the wing chord (width) back from the leading edge of the wing. The main spar often lies in this general area.
Place the tips of your index or middle fingers under each wing, on the line of the CG, a couple of inches out from the fuselage. Gently lift the airplane up so it is clear of any surface, and let it hang freely on your fingers.
A correctly balanced airplane will either be level, or have the nose pointing slightly downwards. If the tail points downwards, then the model is tail heavy and you need to do something about it.
If the balance does need to be adjusted to get the correct CG, the first thing to do is try moving the battery pack or any of the rc gear either further forward or further back inside the plane. By doing this, you are adjusting the balance without adding extra 'dead' weight to the model in the form of ballast.
The motor/receiver battery pack is by far the best thing to move, because it is the heaviest item and will have the most effect with the smallest amount of movement. Carefully try and reposition it fore or aft, carefully rechecking the balance of the plane after you've moved it. Once you're happy with the new balance, make sure that the battery pack is secure and won't move from its new position.
If you can't reposition anything, which is always a possibility in RTF airplanes, you might have to add ballast to either the nose or the tail of the plane to correct the CG. You need to remember, though, that ballast adds dead weight to a model which is never good - the lighter a plane is, the better it performs. So if you do need to add ballast to correct the CG, you need to add as little as possible.
The way to do this is to add the ballast as far forward or as far back as you possibly can on the model. By doing this, the ballast will have the most effect on the CG. Add only enough to make your plane balance correctly on your fingertips. Suitable ballast to add to an rc airplane is modeling clay or fishing shots, for example. Whatever ballast you do add, make sure it is secure to the plane, and won't drop off in flight!
Roll balancing your RC airplane This is an often overlooked balance, and in a way isn't particularly important. But an rc airplane that has one side heavier than the other will have a tendency to naturally roll and turn to the heavier side, making your life a bit harder. However, roll balancing isn't nearly as important as the fore-aft balancing talked about above. Unless something is seriously wrong, the plane won't spiral out of control just because one wing is slightly heavier than the other! And the chances are that you can correct any unwanted roll with the aileron trim, if there is one.
But to balance your airplane's roll anyway, simply loop some thread around the propeller shaft, between the spinner and the fuselage, and then some around the rear of the fuselage, as close to the tail as you can get. Lift the plane up and let it hang freely - see if it wants to roll to one side or another. If it does, then you need to add some small ballast to the wingtip of the lighter (higher) side. Add only enough to make the plane hang level, when viewed from the front. Taping the weights to the wingtip is an easy method, although you might want to take the trouble to set them into the wingtip and cover over them to hide them.
For airplanes with foam wings, pushing a small gauge nail or panel pin into the foam is a great way of adding any necessary weight, and is easily hidden with white paint or marker pen.
So there you have it... two easy methods of balancing rc airplanes. As already mentioned, the fore-aft balance is very critical if you want to keep your plane in one piece; the roll balance isn't so critical but is worth doing if you have the time. A correctly balanced airplane will always be safer and easier to fly, and won't need as much trimming at the transmitter.
how to find CG
The CG is usualy 25% of the wing I hope I helped you.